Table of Contents:
- PART 1: Introduction
- PART 2: Guidelines for choosing a Dental Implants Expert
- PART 3: Understanding your surgeon’s training and experience
- PART 4: Assessing your Surgeon’s Aesthetic and Quality Standards with Dental Implants
- PART 5: Assessing your Surgeon’s Dexterous Skills and Coordination of Your Treatment
- PART 6: The Type of Facility and Anaesthetic
- PART 7: All-On-4 Costs and Type of Immediate Teeth
- PART 8: Complications with Dental Implants and Warranty Misconceptions
Immediate Preliminary Bridge
The implants in the picture below were also clean at one time, and probably looked great before the wear and tear, but click through on the picture to see the damage done when implants are placed incorrectly, causing the teeth to be bulky and impossible to clean.
You will likely be shown the surgeon’s best of cases, below is a photographic guide on things that you should to look out for:
i. Even spread of the implants and flat and uniform under-surface/interface between the prosthesis and the natural gums. A deviation from this will affect the cleanability of the prosthesis, food entrapment and smell (See pictures);
Ideal Situation
For a bridge to be cleanable the implants need to be separated from each other by even spaces, and the bridge must have a flat interface. However for this to be the case, the surgeon must undertake recontouring of the jawbone to create a flat surface, and position the implants deep enough.
The same as what was described in the prior picture applies no matter how many implants are installed.
Examples Of Poor Standards
When the surgeon does not position the implants adequately deep, plastic extensions are created to cover the metal. This traps food and debris which cannot be removed, which leads to irreversible damage including bone loss and failure.
When the surgeon does not position the implants adequately deep, plastic extensions are created to cover the metal. This traps food and debris which cannot be removed, which leads to irreversible damage including bone loss and failure.
ii. The access holes for the screws are located near the edges of the front teeth and in the middle of the back teeth. Any deviation from this will severly affect level of comfort, speech, and also cleanability (See pictures);
Ideal Situation
The ideal is to have the access holes located close to the edges of the teeth in the front, and close to the centres of the teeth in the back. This ensure that the prosthesis is thin enough which is what makes it comfortable and does not impede speech.
The same applies when there are even more than four fixtures.
Examples Of Poor Standards
This picture shows the implant position far inside the palate. Apart from being bulky and impeding speech, it also prevents the patient from cleaning properly underneath.
This is a similar example of poor implant positions, when more than 4 implants are used, again showing the excessive bulk
iii. Alignment on x-rays: there should be even spread, rigid connection between the implants, good bone levels, and the height of the prosthesis should be at least as tall as the shortest fixture (See pictures).
Ideal Situation
The implants are evenly spread and there is a solid metal frame connecting the posts.
The bridge is made from Acrylic so it is not visible on the x-ray. You can only see the metal (titanium) frame and the plugs that fit in the connecting screw holes. The height of the bridge can be measured and compared to the height of the implant as a general guide to determine whether the surgeon performed the required flattening of the bone to allow for a properly contoured bridge.
In this picture Zygoma implants were used, but it is still evenly spread. As the Zygomas are much longer than standard fixtures, the adequacy of the surgery can be confirmed by there being a tall frame connecting all the implants, and the plugs that are located further down.
When Zygoma implants are used in combination with standard implants (as required), then it is possible to confirm that the height between the implants and the plugs is equal or larger to the size of the standard implant.
When Zygoma implants are used in combination with standard implants (as required), then it is possible to confirm that the height between the implants and the plugs is equal or larger to the size of the standard implant.
Examples Of Poor Standards
The bridge is made from acrylic and cannot be seen on the x-ray, but we can see that there is no rigid frame connecting the implants.
In this case the upper zygoma bridge has a frame in sections (better than no frame but not ideal). The lower has no frame at all to connect the posts. Both the upper and lower bridges do not have adequate height as can be seen by comparing the height of the temporary abutments to the height of the shortes implant.
When there is not enough height the prosthesis is very fragile.
In this picture the right section of the bridge appears to be tall enough, but not the left. The next few pictures will illustrate the issues that this can cause.
The bridge has plastic extensions to cover all the metal base. The next picture will show what happens beneath.
When the bridge is removed there is inflammation and infection around the implants. The next picture will show the reason.
As a result of the bridge not being tall enough, which is a direct result of the implants not being positioned deep enough, the plastic flanges that cover the metal base prevent the patient from being.
Coordination of your treatment: knowing who is involved and how can this affect the outcome?
Some clinics offer the surgical component by one clinician and the restorative component by another. This in itself is not a problem as long there is only the one consultant who coordinates the entire treatment, and the second clinician operates merely a surgical or restorative assistant.
However, when there are more than the one consultant with treatments at different locations, for example a surgical consultant in one location and a restorative consultant at another, this model does not lend itself to the quality control requirements of cross-disciplinary procedure like All-On-4, where the consultant must have adequate skills and be intimately familiar with both the surgical and restorative components of the treatment.
Apart from the inconvenience that seeing multiple consultants might also entail, there are often issues with communication, logistics, mismatched philosophies and poor cross-disciplinary awareness. Unfortunately it’s often a case of ‘the left hand not knowing what the right one was doing’, but with All-On-4 this kind of coordination is key to success and patient satisfaction! It is therefore advantageous when the treatment is undertaken at the one clinic and fully prescribed and coordinated by a single doctor, who assumes responsibility and remains the one point of contact if a problem ever arises in the future.
